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《金长城研究概述》

　　　　　A Summary of the Studies on Jin Chang Cheng(金长城)
作　　者：孙文政
　　　　　齐齐哈尔市社会科学院研究员,地址:齐齐哈尔市,邮编161005
出　　处：中国边疆史地研究 第20卷　第1期
发表时间：2010-03-00
分 类 号：K246.4;K878
文　　摘：
金长城又称金界壕、边堡,是金朝为防御蒙古等少数民族而修筑的军事防御工程,是中国万里长城的重要组成部分,在中国长城文化史上占有重要地位。近代对金长城的研究,始自清末民初,国学大师王国维开我国金长城研究之先河,自王国维《金界壕考》以来, ①关于金长城的研究始终没有间断,中外学者从不同的角度对金长城进行了多方面研究,笔者试将已有的研究成果进行回顾,以便于学术界对金长城做进一步研究。
关 键 词：长城 金界壕 界壕边堡 金代 王国维 成吉思汗 研究金 建筑结构 军
正　　文：
　　金长城又称金界壕、边堡,是金朝为防御蒙古等少数民族而修筑的军事防御工程,是中国万里长城的重要组成部分,在中国长城文化史上占有重要地位。近代对金长城的研究,始自清末民初,国学大师王国维开我国金长城研究之先河,自王国维《金界壕考》以来, ① ……
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参考文献：
参考文献：
第1页
①王国维:《观堂集林》,中华书局1959年版。
②③⑾参见《金史》卷24《地理志上》
④参见《金史》卷63《党怀英传》。
⑤参见《金史》卷93《宗浩传》。
⑥参见《金史》卷93《独吉思忠传》。
⑦参见《金史》卷93《仆散揆传》。
⑧参见《金史》卷94《完颜襄传》。
⑨参见《金史》卷44《兵志》。
⑽参见《金史》卷《张炜传》。
⑿贾敬颜:《五代宋金元人边疆行记十三种疏证稿》,中华书局2004年版,第343页。
⒀王恽:《中堂事记》(丛书集成初编) ,商务印书馆中华民国二十五年版,第50页。
⒁赵珙:《蒙达备录》,《续修四库全书》影印版,第521页。
⒂参见景爱:《金史研究综述》,《史学史研究》1995年第1期。

第2页
①《元史》卷121《速不台传》。
②王国维:《观堂集林》,第712页。
③黄彭年主编:《畿辅通志》,河北人民出版社1985年版,第165页。
④田虎:《元史译文证补校注》,河北人民出版社1990年版,第2页。
⑤西清:《黑龙江外记》,商务印书馆中华民国二十五年十二月初版,第16页。
⑥屠寄:《黑龙江舆图》(辽海丛书本) ,辽沈书社1985年版,第1028页。
⑦屠寄:《黑龙江舆图》(辽海丛书本) ,辽沈书社1985年版,第1028页。
⑧黑龙江省博物馆:《金东北路界壕边堡调查》,《考古》1961年5期。
⑨屠寄:《蒙兀儿史记》,第16、17页。

第3页
①王国维:《观堂集林》,第712页。
②李文信:《金临潢路界壕边堡址》,《李文信考古文集》,辽宁人民出版社1992年版。
③寿鹏飞:《历代长城考》,龙门书店1987年影印版,第16页。
④寿鹏飞:《历代长城考》,第16页。
⑤参见金毓黻:《静晤室日记》,辽沈书社1993年版,第162页。
⑥金毓黻:《东北通史》,《社会科学战线》杂志社1980年印,第429页。

第4页
①孟定恭:《布特哈志略》(辽海丛书本) ,辽沈书社1985年版,第2500页。
②张家璠:《呼伦贝尔志》,黑龙江人民出版社2006年版,第2068页。
③④参见黑龙江省博物馆:《金东北路界壕边堡调查》,《考古》1961年5期。
⑤贾洲杰:《金代长城》,文物编辑委员会编:《中国长城遗迹调查报告集》文物出版社1981年版,第76页。
⑥参见庞志国:《金东北路、临潢路吉林省段界壕边堡调查》,《中国长城调查报告集》,第84页。
⑦孙秀仁:《关于金长城的研究与相关问题》,《北方文物》2007年第2期。
⑧参见张伯忠:《吐列毛杜古城调查试掘报告———兼论金代东北路界壕》,《文物》1982年第7期。
⑨参见哲理木盟博物馆:《内蒙古霍林河矿区金代界壕边堡发掘报告》,《考古》1984年第2期。

第5页
①②　项春松:《巴林左旗金代临潢路边堡界壕踏查记》,《北方文物》1987年第2期。
③刘建华:《河北省金代长城》,《北方文物》1990年第4期。
④田淑华:《承德地区金代长城调查与考略》,鲍春海、王禹浪主编:《辽金史论丛》,哈尔滨出版社1995
年版,第317页。
⑤达茂旗文物管理所:《达茂旗境内的金代边堡界壕》,《内蒙古文物考古》2000年第1期。
⑥克什克腾旗博物馆:《克什克腾旗金代界壕边堡调查》,《内蒙古文物考古》1991年第1期。
⑦赵玉明:《岭东金代长城调查》,《内蒙古社会科学》1993年第1期。
⑧贾洲杰:《金代长城初议》,《内蒙古大学学报》1979年第3、4期合刊。
⑨参见贾洲杰:《金代长城》,《中国长城遗迹调查报告集》,文物出版社1981年版,第77页。
⑩彭占杰:《金代长城初论———兼论金界壕考》,《辽金史论集》,社会科学文献出版社2001年版,第347页。

第6页
①冯永谦:《东北古代长城考辨》,《东北亚历史与文化》,辽沈书社1991年版,第40页。
②米文平:《岭北长城考》,《呼伦贝尔文物》1991年第1期。
③罗哲文:《万里长城》,文物出版社1980年版,第2页。
④参见李逸友:《中国北方长城考》,《内蒙古文物考古》2001年第1期。
⑤参见景爱:《走出长城的误区》,《中国文物报》2004年1月30日。
⑥景爱:《再说金界壕不是长城》,《中国文物报》2004年4月2日。
⑦吉人:《是不同认识还是走入误区》,《中国文物报》2004年2月20日。

第7页
①冯永谦:《如何认识长城———关于走出长城的误区的几点不同意见》,《中国文物报》2004年3月26日。
②李文龙:《金边壕不是长城吗?》,《中国文物报》2004年5月21日。
③参见冯永谦:《界壕与长城三题》,《辽金契丹女真史研究》总34期, 2004年。
④参见彭占杰:《略述家乡五百里段金长城》,《辽金契丹女真史研究》总34期, 2004年。
⑤参见邹向前:《金界壕遗址黑龙江段的保护利用》,《辽金契丹女真史研究》总34期, 2004年。
⑥李丕华:《蒙古高原边墙考》,《辽金契丹女真史研究》总34期, 2004年。
⑦参见孙文政、辛健:《金界壕长城边堡称谓综述》,《辽金契丹女真史研究》总34期, 2004年。
⑧董耀会:《中国世界文化遗产———长城》,中国长城学会,第9页。
⑨孙文政:《金界壕边堡遗址为世界文化遗产考述》,《鹤城社科》2006年第3期。
⑩参见冯永谦:《金长城的考古发现与研究》,《鹤城政协》2006年第4期。
⑾成大林:《慎说金界壕不是长城》,《鹤城政协》2006年第4期。
⑿参见董耀会:《金长城的建置、戍防及后勤保障之探讨》,《鹤城政协》2006年第6期。

第8页
①参见彭占杰:《论金东北路长城及金长城线出土之官印》,《鹤城政协》2006年第4期。
②参见傅惟光:《金代长城中国第二万里长城》,《鹤城政协》2006年第4期
③参见张志良、杨玉清:《金长城考》,《鹤城政协》2006年第5期。
④孙秀仁:《关于金长城(界壕边堡)的研究与相关问题》,《北方文物》2007年第2期。
⑤孙文政:《金东北路界壕边堡建筑时间考》,《东北史地》2008年第3期。
⑥李鸿宾:《金界壕与长城》,《中国边疆史地研究》2008年第3期。
⑦黄凤岐:《长城•金代长城摭议》,《鹤城政协》2006年第6期。
⑧[苏]包诺索夫著、胡秀杰译:《成吉思汗边墙初步调查》,《黑龙江考古民族资料译文集》第1辑, 1991年,第71页。

第9页
① [苏]包诺索夫著、胡秀杰译:《北部乌尔科古代边墙》,《黑龙江考古民族资料译文集》第1辑, 1991
年,第75页。
② [日]津田左右吉:《金代北边考》,《满蒙地理历史研究报告》4册, 1918年4月。参见刘蒲江:《二十
世纪辽金史论著目录》,上海辞书出版社2003年版,第329页。
③ [日]长谷川兼太郎:《柳条边墙与金边堡》,《同仁》第12卷5、7号, 1938年。参见刘蒲江:《二十世
纪辽金史论著目录》,第329页。
④参见李文信:《李文信考古文集》,辽宁人民出版社1992年版,第259页。
⑤ [日]外山军治著,李东源译:《金朝史研究》,黑龙江朝鲜民族出版社1988年版,第345、347页。
⑥ [法]闵宣化著、冯承钧译:《东、蒙古辽代旧城探考记》,中华书局2004年版,第56 页。
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Adhering to beneficial dosages is crucial
for maximizing the therapeutic potential of this peptide.
Tesamorelin’s mechanism of action is similar to that of ipamorelin; it works on progress hormone pathways and stimulates IGF-1, which triggers the manufacturing of muscle protein. It’s additionally been proven in large clinical trials to decrease visceral fat and cut back ranges of triglyceride in the blood.
It might be the most effective peptide for muscle repair,
nonetheless, TB-500 is banned by WADA and most other world sporting organizations each in-competition and out-of-competition. Forward of commencing TB-500 remedy, it's highly really helpful to consult with a healthcare
provider to establish its security and suitability regarding individual health situations.

Any inquiries or uncertainties relating to the utilization of TB-500
must be promptly mentioned with a medical professional to obtain personalized steerage and help.
Forward of administering TB-500, it's essential
to have an intensive understanding of the specific dosage requirements tailor-made to particular person circumstances.

Whether Or Not the administration is intramuscular or subcutaneous, sustaining cleanliness is essential to stop
infections. Before drawing the TB-500 solution, it is imperative to ensure
that all tools is sterile. When measuring the dosage, careful
verification of calculations is important to stop errors.
It is advisable to rotate injection sites to avoid tissue irritation and facilitate optimal absorption.
These findings indicate that TB-500 may play a big position in modulating irritation, doubtlessly offering therapeutic advantages in managing inflammatory circumstances.
TB-500 is presently underneath investigation as a potential performance-enhancing agent
for its capability to advertise skeletal muscle regeneration. It
is necessary to note that whereas TB-500 has shown promise in preclinical research,
further analysis is important to completely comprehend its mechanisms
of motion and therapeutic potential in people. Moreover, TB-500 displays anti-inflammatory properties that
will additional contribute to its therapeutic effects [4].
In this educational article, we are going to review the potential
advantages and utilization of TB-500 nasal spray.
As Quickly As the TB-500 powder is absolutely dissolved within the bacteriostatic water, your solution is prepared for
administration. Draw the reconstituted answer again into
the syringe, making certain proper dosage measurement
earlier than injecting it subcutaneously or intramuscularly as per your really helpful protocol.


References:


neurotrauma



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